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what's the point of entrepreneurship?

  • 1.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-03-2007 05:07
    I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.  

    I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had little to do with the entrepreneurship.   A few years ago I read Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study - where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'.  I was wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy.    I am interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of entrepreneurship.  

    thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.  

    Paola



    ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!


  • 2.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-05-2007 07:44
    Paola:
    History is not an exact science. It can "prove" little, although people such as Sewell encouarge a wider use of history in social science. Furthermore, there is no agreed upon definition of entrepreneurship in our field. So, trying to prove that something we can't agree on is essential, when the tools to do so are vague, and the field rather new, is going to be very difficult if not impossible. Entrepreneurship is still social science - the most we can generally do is disprove one theory or another. However, I would encouarge you to read more widely. Economic Historians, such as Rosenberg and Landes, are in agreement on the importance of institutions, which support and bring about entrepreneurship, in creating economic development. Sociologists cite the importance of markets, the growth of institutions and organizations, and the rise of the individual (Weber, Scott, Meyer, Aldrich, Swedberg,Hannan, to name just a few). Many have studied regional variation, identifying the importance of structure in supporting entrepreneurship (Saxenian, Piore and Sabel), networks (Granovetter, Burt), as well as the startup process (Reynolds, Aldrich, Davidsson, Myself). In addition, there is opportunity recognition and exploitation, growth, ethnicity...the list is quite long, the scholarship excellent. Reading one person's opinion is not going to prove or disprove anything. Our task is to work on this subject from many angles. Each of us adds a dimension, or a facet or two - and the picture gradually emerges for other scholars. With time, it even diffused into the general media (and hopefully, doesn't go in the other direction!). Your question can't be answered by any one paper or book - you will have to read many articles and books to form your own intelligent opinion. Unfortunately, there is no holy grail. However, fortunately, entrepreneurship is an exciting interdisciplinarly field that is, itself, nascent - and the kinds of questions you decide to attempt to answer can have a definitive affect on the maturation of the field.
    Good luck!
    Benson Honig
    Benson Honig Ph.D.
    Betty and Peter Sims Professor of Entrepreneurship,
    Director, NeXt
    Wilfrid Laurier School of Business and Economics
    Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L3C5
    Tel: 519-884-0710 ext.2909
    fax: 519-884-0201
    Cell: 905-518-1716
    email: bhonig@wlu.ca


    >>> Paola Grenier


  • 3.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-05-2007 09:07
    Dear Paola,

    below I have included a list of classic and more recent cites on the
    subject of entrepreneurship and economic, as well as a list of articles
    from a 2005 Small Business Economics special issue on the subject.

    I can also recommend the "Entrepreneurship" textbook from David A. Kirby
    (2003), which has 3 chapters on the relationships between
    entrepreneurship, economics, society and development (Chapters 2-4).

    There are certainly numerous other cites which I have not listed which
    others will contribute in due course. In any event, this should provide
    you with a good starting point.

    Please note that to get a complete view of the impact of "entreneurship"
    on society, one has to look at the literature on "innovation" and
    "technological change" as well, as they address a lot of the issues,
    just under different names.

    Best Regards,

    Erik

    ----------------------------------------------------
    Dr. Erik Monsen
    ----------------------------------------------------
    Senior Research Fellow
    Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Group
    Max Planck Institute of Economics
    Kahlaische Str. 10
    07745 Jena, Germany
    +49-3641-686736 (office)
    +49-3641-686710 (fax)
    monsen@econ.mpg.de
    http://www.econ.mpg.de
    ----------------------------------------------------
    Classic Citations:
    ------------------
    Romer, P. M. 1986. Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth. Journal of
    Political Economy, 94(5): 1002-1037.

    Aghion, P., & Howitt, P. 1992. A Model of Growth Through Creative
    Destruction. Econometrica, 60(2): 323-351.

    Newer Citations:
    ----------------
    Wennekers, S., & Thurik, R. 1999. Linking Entrepreneurship and Economic
    Growth. Small Business Economics, 13(1): 27-55.

    Thornton, P. H. 1999. The sociology of entrepreneurship. Annual Review
    of Sociology, 25: 19-46.

    Davidsson, P., & Wiklund, J. 2001. Levels of analysis in
    entrepreneurship research: Current research practice and suggestions for
    the future. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 25(4): 81-99.

    Carree, M., Van Stel, A., Thurk, R., & Wennekers, S. 2002. Economic
    Development and Business Ownership: An Analysis Using Data of 23 OECD
    Countries in the Period of 1976-1996. Small Business Economics, 19(3):
    271-290.

    Audretsch, D. B., & Keilbach, M. 2004a. Does entrepreneurship capital
    matter? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(5): 419-429.

    Audretsch, D. B., & Keilbach, M. 2004b. Entrepreneurship and regional
    growth: an evolutionary interpretation. Journal of Evolutionary
    Economics, 14(5): 605-616.

    Audretsch, D. B., & Keilbach, M. 2004c. Entrepreneurship Capital and
    Economic Performance. Regional Studies, 38(8): 949-959.

    Audretsch, D. B., & Keilbach, M. 2005. Entrepreneurship capital and
    regional growth. Annals of Regional Science, 39(3): 457-469.

    2005 SBE Special Issue:
    -----------------------
    Acs, Z. J., & Varga, A. 2005. Entrepreneurship, Agglomeration and
    Technological Change. Small Business Economics, 24(3): 323-334.

    Arenius, P., & De Clercq, D. 2005. A Network-based Approach on
    Opportunity Recognition. Small Business Economics, 24(3): 249-265.

    Arenius, P., & Minniti, M. 2005. Perceptual Variables and Nascent
    Entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 24(3): 233-247.

    Reynolds, P., Bosma, N., Autio, E., Hunt, S., De Bono, N., Servais, I.,
    Lopez-Garcia, P., & Chin, N. 2005. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: Data
    Collection Design and Implementation 1998–2003. Small Business
    Economics, 24(3): 205-231

    Rocha, H. O., & Sternberg, R. 2005. Entrepreneurship: The Role of
    Clusters Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Evidence from Germany.
    Small Business Economics, 24(3): 267-292.

    Sternberg, R., & Wennekers, S. 2005. Determinants and Effects of New
    Business Creation Using Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Data Small
    Business Economics, 24(3): 193-203

    van Stel, A., Carree, M., & Thurik, R. 2005. The Effect of
    Entrepreneurial Activity on National Economic Growth Small Business
    Economics, 24(3): 311-321.

    Wennekers, S., van Wennekers, A., Thurik, R., & Reynolds, P. 2005.
    Nascent Entrepreneurship and the Level of Economic Development Small
    Business Economics, 24(3): 293-309.

    Wong, P. K., Ho, Y. P., & Autio, E. 2005. Entrepreneurship, innovation
    and economic growth: Evidence from GEM data. Small Business Economics,
    24(3): 335-350.


    Paola Grenier wrote:
    > I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on
    > entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.
    >
    > I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on
    > entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had
    > little to do with the entrepreneurship. A few years ago I read
    > Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study -
    > where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in
    > industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'. I was
    > wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what
    > the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy. I am
    > interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to
    > economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of
    > entrepreneurship.
    >
    > thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.
    >
    > Paola
    >
    >
    >
    > ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which
    > is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of
    > Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial
    > messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of
    > auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal
    > from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including
    > joining or leaving the list here:
    > http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have
    > questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch
    > jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!

    **************************************
    This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management.

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    Ventures HO!


  • 4.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-05-2007 09:47

    Paola, it's not a silly question. I think that all of us asked ourselves at least once the same question.

     

    I think a way to begin is to exchange opinions about Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (http://www.gemconsortium.org/), and other research projects that are international and annual like it.

     

    Best,

     

    Luiz Ojima Sakuda

    UniFEI - Brazil

    www.fei.edu.br

     

     

     

    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU] On Behalf Of Paola Grenier
    Sent: sábado, 3 de fevereiro de 2007 07:07
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

     

    I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.

     

    I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had little to do with the entrepreneurship. A few years ago I read Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study - where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'. I was wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy. I am interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of entrepreneurship.

     

    thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.

     

    Paola

     

     

     

    ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO! ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!


  • 5.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-05-2007 14:57

    Hi Paola:

    To disabuse you of the notion that economics had had "little to do" with entrepreneurship, you should read the following article by Robert Hébert and Al Link in the Journal of Technology Transfer (http://econpapers.repec.org/article/kapjtecht/v_3A31_3Ay_3A2006_3Ai_3A5_3Ap_3A589-597.htm).  It is true that the British classical economists moved away from this concept and that neo-classical economists (reflecting what is taught in most conventional economics courses) paid little attention, until recently, the role of the entrepreneur.  However, some leading economists have recently incorporated entrepreneurship into their elaborate theoretical models and empirical analyses (see references below).  David Audretsch and Roy Thurik are doing some highly creative work on this topic.  A review of these studies is contained in Link and Siegel (forthcoming).  

    Best regards,

    Don

     

    Dr. Donald Siegel

    Professor of Entrepreneurship and Associate Dean for Graduate Studies

    A. <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Gary</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Anderson</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Graduate</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">School</st1:placetype></st1:place> of Management

    <st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">California</st1:placename> at <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Riverside</st1:city></st1:place>

    225 <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Anderson</st1:city></st1:place> Hall

    <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Riverside</st1:city>, <st1:state w:st="on">CA</st1:state> <st1:postalcode w:st="on">92521</st1:postalcode></st1:place>

    Tel: (760) 834-0593

    Tel: (951) 827-4996

    Fax: (951) 827-3970

    Fax: (760) 834-0796

    e-mail: donalds@ucr.edu

    http://www.agsm.ucr.edu/index2.php?content=faculty/staff/don.html

    http://econpapers.repec.org/RAS/psi32.htm

    http://ssrn.com/author=33607

    Editor-Journal of Technology Transfer

    http://www.springer.com/west/home/business?SGWID=4-40517-70-35751012-detailsPage=journal

    http://heckmann.ucr.edu/

    **************************

     

    References

     

    Aghion, Phillipe  and Peter Howitt, 1992, 'A Model of Growth Through Creative Destruction', Econometrica 60, 323–351.

     

    Audretsch, David B. and A.R. Thurik (2001), What is new about the new economy: sources of growth in the managed and entrepreneurial economies, Industrial and Corporate Change, 10(1): 267-315.

     

    Caballero, Ricardo J. and Adam B. Jaffe. 1993.  'How High Are the Giants' Shoulders: An Empirical Assessment of Knowledge Spillovers and Creative Destruction in a Model of Economic Growth', in NBER Macroeconomic Annual 1993, edited by O. J. Blanchard and S. Fischer, <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Cambridge</st1:place></st1:city>: MIT Press.

     

    Carree, M.A., L. Klomp and A.R. Thurik (2000), Productivity convergence in OECD manufacturing industries, Economics Letters, 66(3): 337-345.

     

    Link, Albert and Donald S. Siegel (2007). Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Technical Change, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Oxford</st1:city>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">U.K.</st1:country-region></st1:place>: Oxford University Press, forthcoming.

     

    Wennekers, S. and R. Thurik (1999), Linking entrepreneurship and economic growth, Small Business Economics, 13(1): 27-55.

     

     

    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU] On Behalf Of Paola Grenier
    Sent: sábado, 3 de fevereiro de 2007 07:07
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

     

    I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.

     

    I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had little to do with the entrepreneurship. A few years ago I read Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study - where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'. I was wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy. I am interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of entrepreneurship.

     

    thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.

     

    Paola

     

     

     

    ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO! ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO! ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!


  • 6.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-05-2007 17:24

    Paola:

     

    You have posted a very relevant question! Look, there is nothing new about entrepreneurship because "people willing to undertake risk on personal resources to obtain an income in return, and be independent, is indeed one of the oldest "professions" to earn a living". Schumpeter is right by claiming that economic progress (and I would add social development), largely depend on entrepreneurial development. Nevertheless we need to be aware that a free market economy is a necessary condition for entrepreneurial growth and development, as much as to acknowledge the fact that small business enterprises are the real engine of growth in market economies.  

     

    So far the discipline of entrepreneurship is more a profession than an academic subject. It is indeed a more recent field of study in academia, but entrepreneurial education has been offered extensively by professional institutions around the world and now it is rapidly blooming in the best business schools worldwide. In the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>, for instance, the number of business schools offering entrepreneurial studies has grown exponentially in the last 5 years.   

     

    I agree with Luiz Okima about the importance of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor www.gemconsortuin.org You will find a wealth of information there. I suggest you to review GEM's Report on Women in Entrepreneurship. It includes unique and valuable comparisons among nations. I have created entrepreneurial education programs for women in the <st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region>, Latin America, and the <st1:place w:st="on">Middle East</st1:place>, and I consider this field critical to foster economic growth in the 21st Century.  

     

    Best luck in your studies on social entrepreneurship ... You will truly find out what social entrepreneurship is "when and if you practice it yourself"! Social entrepreneurship is becoming a very important endeavor around the world.

    Maria-Teresa Lepeley  
    President & CEO

    Global Institute for Quality Education - GIQE - <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place>
    Instituto Global de Calidad en Educacion - IGCE - Latin America
    Tel: 1-860-888-3807
    www.globalqualityeducation.org

    From: Luiz Ojima Sakuda [mailto:luiz@SAKUDA.COM]
    Sent: Monday, February 05, 2007 9:47 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

     

    Paola, it's not a silly question. I think that all of us asked ourselves at least once the same question.

     

    I think a way to begin is to exchange opinions about Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (http://www.gemconsortium.org/), and other research projects that are international and annual like it.

     

    Best,

     

    Luiz Ojima Sakuda

    UniFEI - <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Brazil</st1:place></st1:country-region>

    www.fei.edu.br

     

    From: Paola Grenier [mailto:p.m.grenier@LSE.AC.UK]
    Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 5:07 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

     

    I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.

     

    I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had little to do with the entrepreneurship. A few years ago I read Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study - where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'. I was wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy. I am interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of entrepreneurship.

     

    thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.

     

    Paola

     

     

     

    ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO! ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!


  • 7.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-06-2007 15:50
    Hiya all,
     
    This exchange serves to demonstrate that perhaps we are finding our feet in terms of  real academic discussions, rather than practical applications of an activity.
     
    There is soo much in the post below.  The first being that a free market is a necessary condition. Really?  the PLA (China)  were operating in an entrepreneurial fashion long before the current reforms. Also if one addresses entrepreneurship as a way of thinking it can then be discussed as an academic  theory rather than professional activity .
     
    Entrepreneurship can be seen as an activity,  or a construct, or a way of thinking  or a personal endeavour or even business start up, entrepreneurial studies should not be limited to just a way of doing.
     
    This discussion is great.
     
    Enjoy the week people.
     
    Kind Regards.
    -----Original Message-----
    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU] On Behalf Of Maria-Teresa Lepeley
    Sent: Tuesday, 6 February 2007 11:24 a.m.
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Paola:

     

    You have posted a very relevant question! Look, there is nothing new about entrepreneurship because "people willing to undertake risk on personal resources to obtain an income in return, and be independent, is indeed one of the oldest "professions" to earn a living". Schumpeter is right by claiming that economic progress (and I would add social development), largely depend on entrepreneurial development. Nevertheless we need to be aware that a free market economy is a necessary condition for entrepreneurial growth and development, as much as to acknowledge the fact that small business enterprises are the real engine of growth in market economies.  

     

    So far the discipline of entrepreneurship is more a profession than an academic subject. It is indeed a more recent field of study in academia, but entrepreneurial education has been offered extensively by professional institutions around the world and now it is rapidly blooming in the best business schools worldwide. In the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>, for instance, the number of business schools offering entrepreneurial studies has grown exponentially in the last 5 years.   

     

    I agree with Luiz Okima about the importance of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor www.gemconsortuin.org You will find a wealth of information there. I suggest you to review GEM's Report on Women in Entrepreneurship. It includes unique and valuable comparisons among nations. I have created entrepreneurial education programs for women in the <st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region>, Latin America, and the <st1:place w:st="on">Middle East</st1:place>, and I consider this field critical to foster economic growth in the 21st Century.  

     

    Best luck in your studies on social entrepreneurship ... You will truly find out what social entrepreneurship is "when and if you practice it yourself"! Social entrepreneurship is becoming a very important endeavor around the world.

    Maria-Teresa Lepeley  
    President & CEO

    Global Institute for Quality Education - GIQE - <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place>
    Instituto Global de Calidad en Educacion - IGCE - Latin America
    Tel: 1-860-888-3807
    www.globalqualityeducation.org

    From: Luiz Ojima Sakuda [mailto:luiz@SAKUDA.COM]
    Sent: Monday, February 05, 2007 9:47 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

     

    Paola, it's not a silly question. I think that all of us asked ourselves at least once the same question.

     

    I think a way to begin is to exchange opinions about Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (http://www.gemconsortium.org/), and other research projects that are international and annual like it.

     

    Best,

     

    Luiz Ojima Sakuda

    UniFEI - <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Brazil</st1:place></st1:country-region>

    www.fei.edu.br

     

    From: Paola Grenier [mailto:p.m.grenier@LSE.AC.UK]
    Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 5:07 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

     

    I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.

     

    I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had little to do with the entrepreneurship. A few years ago I read Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study - where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'. I was wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy. I am interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of entrepreneurship.

     

    thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.

     

    Paola

     

     

     

    ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO! ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!
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  • 8.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-06-2007 21:48
    Every business started with an entrepreneur.

    Luiz Ojima Sakuda <luiz@SAKUDA.COM> wrote:
    Paola, it’s not a silly question. I think that all of us asked ourselves at least once the same question.
     
    I think a way to begin is to exchange opinions about Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (http://www.gemconsortium.org/), and other research projects that are international and annual like it.
     
    Best,
     
    Luiz Ojima Sakuda
    UniFEI - Brazil
     
     
     
    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU] On Behalf Of Paola Grenier
    Sent: sábado, 3 de fevereiro de 2007 07:07
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?
     
    I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.
     
    I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had little to do with the entrepreneurship. A few years ago I read Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study - where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'. I was wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy. I am interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of entrepreneurship.
     
    thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.
     
    Paola
     
     
     
    ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO! ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!



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  • 9.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-07-2007 19:21
    I agree with Andrew. Entrepreneurship, to me, is a way a thinking and
    acting despite the evironment. Let's take a cue from Drucker (rest his soul)
    and what he had to say about management and the knowledge worker. Management
    is not business management. It includes all types of organizations. Simple.
    So why should entrepreneurship be treated with any less respect.

    So, does anyone have any thoughts on coming back to the individual
    entrepreneur? The psychology of entrepreneurship? In the 1980s strategic
    management was consumed by the Harvard Gang of economists. Where is Ansoff
    when you need him? Can we get back to what makes entrepreneurship
    possible? A way of seeing the world and acting.

    I also agree with Norris Kreuger. Neo said that social entrepreneurship
    research may help get us closer to a theory of entrepreneurship. when you
    take the profit motive out of the equation, what do you get? Your thoughts?

    Bayou Bill (Ninth Ward for Life)


    >From: "Cardow, Andrew"


  • 10.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-07-2007 20:42
    actually China operated an entrepreneurial fashion since she had started reforms in 1979. But at that time it was far from the free market. Then she experienced two types prices simultaneously- government price and market price untill 1988-1990. Since 1992, she went to the current reform. However, before the reform, I think there was no room for entrepreneurs survive.
     
    This is good discussion which lets me think about whether or not free market is a necessary condition or it has close relationship with entrepreneurship.
     
    Regards,
    Qian


    "Cardow, Andrew" <A.Cardow@MASSEY.AC.NZ> wrote:
    Hiya all,
     
    This exchange serves to demonstrate that perhaps we are finding our feet in terms of  real academic discussions, rather than practical applications of an activity.
     
    There is soo much in the post below.  The first being that a free market is a necessary condition. Really?  the PLA (China)  were operating in an entrepreneurial fashion long before the current reforms. Also if one addresses entrepreneurship as a way of thinking it can then be discussed as an academic  theory rather than professional activity .
     
    Entrepreneurship can be seen as an activity,  or a construct, or a way of thinking  or a personal endeavour or even business start up, entrepreneurial studies should not be limited to just a way of doing.
     
    This discussion is great.
     
    Enjoy the week people.
     
    Kind Regards.
    -----Original Message-----
    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU] On Behalf Of Maria-Teresa Lepeley
    Sent: Tuesday, 6 February 2007 11:24 a.m.
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Paola:
     
    You have posted a very relevant question! Look, there is nothing new about entrepreneurship because “people willing to undertake risk on personal resources to obtain an income in return, and be independent, is indeed one of the oldest “professions” to earn a living”. Schumpeter is right by claiming that economic progress (and I would add social development), largely depend on entrepreneurial development. Nevertheless we need to be aware that a free market economy is a necessary condition for entrepreneurial growth and development, as much as to acknowledge the fact that small business enterprises are the real engine of growth in market economies.  
     
    So far the discipline of entrepreneurship is more a profession than an academic subject. It is indeed a more recent field of study in academia, but entrepreneurial education has been offered extensively by professional institutions around the world and now it is rapidly blooming in the best business schools worldwide. In the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>, for instance, the number of business schools offering entrepreneurial studies has grown exponentially in the last 5 years.   
     
    I agree with Luiz Okima about the importance of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor www.gemconsortuin.org You will find a wealth of information there. I suggest you to review GEM’s Report on Women in Entrepreneurship. It includes unique and valuable comparisons among nations. I have created entrepreneurial education programs for women in the <st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region>, Latin America, and the <st1:place w:st="on">Middle East</st1:place>, and I consider this field critical to foster economic growth in the 21st Century.  
     
    Best luck in your studies on social entrepreneurship … You will truly find out what social entrepreneurship is “when and if you practice it yourself”! Social entrepreneurship is becoming a very important endeavor around the world.
    Maria-Teresa Lepeley  
    President & CEO

    Global Institute for Quality Education - GIQE - <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place>
    Instituto Global de Calidad en Educacion - IGCE - Latin America
    Tel: 1-860-888-3807
    www.globalqualityeducation.org
    From: Luiz Ojima Sakuda [mailto:luiz@SAKUDA.COM]
    Sent: Monday, February 05, 2007 9:47 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?
     
    Paola, it’s not a silly question. I think that all of us asked ourselves at least once the same question.
     
    I think a way to begin is to exchange opinions about Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (http://www.gemconsortium.org/), and other research projects that are international and annual like it.
     
    Best,
     
    Luiz Ojima Sakuda
    UniFEI - <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Brazil</st1:place></st1:country-region>
     
    From: Paola Grenier [mailto:p.m.grenier@LSE.AC.UK]
    Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 5:07 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?
     
    I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.
     
    I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had little to do with the entrepreneurship. A few years ago I read Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study - where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'. I was wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy. I am interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of entrepreneurship.
     
    thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.
     
    Paola
     
     
     
    ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO! ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!
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  • 11.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-08-2007 11:12
    This is why I stick to the definition of entrepreneurship as "the creation of new organizations". It allows for both micro and macro level perspectives, for profit, non-profit, and social entrepreneurship. As to one theory - I don't think we're any more likely to find one single theory for entrepreneurship than we would for aesthetics or history.
    As to the point about free markets - institutions help immensely - but organizations seem to emerge in the oddest places. During Chairman Mao's time, backyard smelters (which were an ecological and economic disaster) undoubtedly drew on aspects of entrepreneurship. Business and bartering date back to the dawn of civilization - in fact - may define civilization itself. Some of the first writing systems were designed to manage global trade activities. Somewhere, back a few thousand years ago, an entrepreneur figured out that he could reduce "spillage" and increase profits by transporting clay jars of olive oil with standardized seals.
    Benson

    Benson Honig Ph.D.
    Betty and Peter Sims Professor of Entrepreneurship,
    Director, NeXt
    Wilfrid Laurier School of Business and Economics
    Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L3C5
    Tel: 519-884-0710 ext.2909
    fax: 519-884-0201
    Cell: 905-518-1716
    email: bhonig@wlu.ca


    >>> "William D. Schulte" <wschulte@MSN.COM> 02/07/07 7:20 PM >>>
    I agree with Andrew. Entrepreneurship, to me, is a way a thinking and
    acting despite the evironment. Let's take a cue from Drucker (rest his soul)
    and what he had to say about management and the knowledge worker. Management
    is not business management. It includes all types of organizations. Simple.
    So why should entrepreneurship be treated with any less respect.

    So, does anyone have any thoughts on coming back to the individual
    entrepreneur? The psychology of entrepreneurship? In the 1980s strategic
    management was consumed by the Harvard Gang of economists. Where is Ansoff
    when you need him? Can we get back to what makes entrepreneurship
    possible? A way of seeing the world and acting.

    I also agree with Norris Kreuger. Neo said that social entrepreneurship
    research may help get us closer to a theory of entrepreneurship. when you
    take the profit motive out of the equation, what do you get? Your thoughts?

    Bayou Bill (Ninth Ward for Life)


    >From: "Cardow, Andrew"


  • 12.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-08-2007 15:38
    Thank you for all the very helpful comments and suggestions in
    response to my silly question - also for the ensuing discussion which
    seems to have had the added benefit of raising lots of intriguing
    issues. I wanted to add a couple of comments to the discussion

    Re market capitalism. The way I know think about this is that
    entrepreneurship is possible in any arena, but that at present
    capitalism provides the most conducive environment for it. This
    follows Hebert and LInk and their pretty comprehensive history of
    entrepreneurship

    “Entrepreneurial activities… are performed in all societies by
    individuals whose judgement differs from the norm. Military and
    political life provide as much scope for entrepreneurship as economic
    life, but capitalism is a peculiar set of institutions and property
    relations that provides the widest berth for
    entrepreneurship” {Hebert and Link, 1982: 155-6}

    > Neo said that social entrepreneurship research may help get us
    > closer to a theory of entrepreneurship. when you take the profit
    > motive out of the equation, what do you get? Your thoughts?

    I am not sure that social entrepreneurship takes the profit motive
    out of the equation. Many definitions of social entrepreneurship
    include the profit motive - or if not explicitly a profit motive than
    the idea of profit motivated business activities. In practice
    entrepreneurship is almost invariably associated with making money -
    I have looked into all sorts of different types of entrepreneurship -
    sports, cultural, religious, ecopreneurship - and they all assume a
    profit making business activity. The main form of entrepreneurship
    which is not defined as including profit making are theories of
    policy and political entrepreneurship.

    Personally I don't buy the profit motive for any type of
    entrepreneurship. It would be great if there were more academics out
    there who were looking at social entrepreneurship in terms of
    innovation and risk rather than as the mix of social and economic
    goals. But my experience of the field is that most of the effort is
    currently devoted to understanding how what is social and what is
    business can be melded together.

    > Every business started with an entrepreneur.

    I don't buy this one either. Maybe because I am a fan of Schumpeter,
    but it was never his intention when he put forward his theory that
    all business foundings are entrepreneurial. I thought
    entrepreneurship was about the gales of creative destruction and the
    transformation of industries and society.

    Paola

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  • 13.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-08-2007 20:32
    Paolo, do not confuse "profit" with Value proposition. The Chinese
    definition of profits says that it is the engine of the machine. I think
    Cash Flow might be a more appropriate numerical way to measure in social
    ventures and economic ventures. The difference is in the problem or
    opportunity that the venture attempts to solve. Keep it going.

    Bayou Bill


    >From: Paola Grenier


  • 14.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-08-2007 22:46
    Benson makes a great point about a grand theory of entrepreneurship. For now
    it is beyond our understanding. We would have to integrate so many theories
    and would create a "jungle." Do you remember the "theory jungle" from a
    couple of decades ago. I think you need to use theories that pull from your
    own theoretical lens (i.e. cognitive psychology, regional economics). Why
    reinvent the wheel? I think that our work should link theory to practice.

    Also, I think Drucker would like Benson's definition. Drucker argued against
    the idea of thinking that management meant "business management."

    For additional interesting ideas on this direction take a look at Andrew
    Cardow's (Massey University) work on this.

    Bill

    William Schulte, Ph.D.
    Associate Professor
    Sam Walton Free Enterprise Fellow
    Harry F. Byrd Jr. School of Business
    Shenandoah University
    wschulte@su.edu
    wschulte@msn.com
    mobile 703-283-9705
    Individualized Education, Entrepreneurial Thinking, Global Understanding and
    Ethical Practice.
    Students In Free Enterprise
    www.sife.org  www.su.edu
    The mission of the Harry F. Byrd, Jr. School of Business is to educate its
    students to be successful, principled leaders with a global perspective.

    "Success Stories Start Here"


    -----Original Message-----
    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU]
    On Behalf Of Benson Honig
    Sent: Thursday, February 08, 2007 11:12 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    This is why I stick to the definition of entrepreneurship as "the creation
    of new organizations". It allows for both micro and macro level
    perspectives, for profit, non-profit, and social entrepreneurship. As to one
    theory - I don't think we're any more likely to find one single theory for
    entrepreneurship than we would for aesthetics or history.
    As to the point about free markets - institutions help immensely - but
    organizations seem to emerge in the oddest places. During Chairman Mao's
    time, backyard smelters (which were an ecological and economic disaster)
    undoubtedly drew on aspects of entrepreneurship. Business and bartering date
    back to the dawn of civilization - in fact - may define civilization itself.
    Some of the first writing systems were designed to manage global trade
    activities. Somewhere, back a few thousand years ago, an entrepreneur
    figured out that he could reduce "spillage" and increase profits by
    transporting clay jars of olive oil with standardized seals.
    Benson

    Benson Honig Ph.D.
    Betty and Peter Sims Professor of Entrepreneurship,
    Director, NeXt
    Wilfrid Laurier School of Business and Economics
    Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L3C5
    Tel: 519-884-0710 ext.2909
    fax: 519-884-0201
    Cell: 905-518-1716
    email: bhonig@wlu.ca


    >>> "William D. Schulte" <wschulte@MSN.COM> 02/07/07 7:20 PM >>>
    I agree with Andrew. Entrepreneurship, to me, is a way a thinking and
    acting despite the evironment. Let's take a cue from Drucker (rest his soul)

    and what he had to say about management and the knowledge worker. Management

    is not business management. It includes all types of organizations. Simple.
    So why should entrepreneurship be treated with any less respect.

    So, does anyone have any thoughts on coming back to the individual
    entrepreneur? The psychology of entrepreneurship? In the 1980s strategic
    management was consumed by the Harvard Gang of economists. Where is Ansoff
    when you need him? Can we get back to what makes entrepreneurship
    possible? A way of seeing the world and acting.

    I also agree with Norris Kreuger. Neo said that social entrepreneurship
    research may help get us closer to a theory of entrepreneurship. when you
    take the profit motive out of the equation, what do you get? Your thoughts?

    Bayou Bill (Ninth Ward for Life)


    >From: "Cardow, Andrew"


  • 15.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-09-2007 14:30
    Benson,

    If you define entrepreneurship as the creation of new organizations,
    then aren't you excluding a lot of entrepreneurial activities that do
    not require a new organization? As Hannan and Freeman (1984) observe,
    a new organization is an expensive solution to a problem of collection
    action. I see venture creation as one type of path that opportunity
    exploitation can follow. It should be selected only if the benefits
    outweigh the costs. Defining entrepreneurship as venture creation
    seems problematic to me. Would opportunity recognition not be a part
    of entrepreneurship because it generally occurs before venture
    creation?

    Not to push my own agenda too hard, but I think that evolutionary
    theory could function as a unifying framework for entrepreneurship.
    It is playing a similar role in many other fields. Evolutionary
    theory has the potential to integrate many theories into one framework
    (but maybe a framework of theories is not the same as a single
    theory). I prefer a very big and inclusive tent for entrepreneurship,
    and I think evolutionary theory can achieve that.

    -Ben


    Benjamin C. Powell, Ph.D.
    Assistant Professor of Management
    Department of Management and Marketing
    Culverhouse College of Commerce and Business Administration
    Box 870225, 133 Alston Hall
    Tuscaloosa, AL 35487
    Tel: (205) 348-8925
    Fax: (205) 348-6695
    Email: bpowell@bama.ua.edu


    Quoting Benson Honig <bhonig@WLU.CA>:

    > This is why I stick to the definition of entrepreneurship as "the
    > creation of new organizations". It allows for both micro and macro
    > level perspectives, for profit, non-profit, and social
    > entrepreneurship. As to one theory - I don't think we're any more
    > likely to find one single theory for entrepreneurship than we would
    > for aesthetics or history.
    > As to the point about free markets - institutions help immensely -
    > but organizations seem to emerge in the oddest places. During
    > Chairman Mao's time, backyard smelters (which were an ecological and
    > economic disaster) undoubtedly drew on aspects of entrepreneurship.
    > Business and bartering date back to the dawn of civilization - in
    > fact - may define civilization itself. Some of the first writing
    > systems were designed to manage global trade activities. Somewhere,
    > back a few thousand years ago, an entrepreneur figured out that he
    > could reduce "spillage" and increase profits by transporting clay
    > jars of olive oil with standardized seals.
    > Benson
    >
    > Benson Honig Ph.D.
    > Betty and Peter Sims Professor of Entrepreneurship,
    > Director, NeXt
    > Wilfrid Laurier School of Business and Economics
    > Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L3C5
    > Tel: 519-884-0710 ext.2909
    > fax: 519-884-0201
    > Cell: 905-518-1716
    > email: bhonig@wlu.ca
    >
    >
    > >>> "William D. Schulte" <wschulte@MSN.COM> 02/07/07 7:20 PM >>>
    > I agree with Andrew. Entrepreneurship, to me, is a way a thinking
    > and
    > acting despite the evironment. Let's take a cue from Drucker (rest
    > his soul)
    > and what he had to say about management and the knowledge worker.
    > Management
    > is not business management. It includes all types of organizations.
    > Simple.
    > So why should entrepreneurship be treated with any less respect.
    >
    > So, does anyone have any thoughts on coming back to the individual
    > entrepreneur? The psychology of entrepreneurship? In the 1980s
    > strategic
    > management was consumed by the Harvard Gang of economists. Where is
    > Ansoff
    > when you need him? Can we get back to what makes entrepreneurship
    > possible? A way of seeing the world and acting.
    >
    > I also agree with Norris Kreuger. Neo said that social
    > entrepreneurship
    > research may help get us closer to a theory of entrepreneurship.
    > when you
    > take the profit motive out of the equation, what do you get? Your
    > thoughts?
    >
    > Bayou Bill (Ninth Ward for Life)
    >
    >
    > >From: "Cardow, Andrew"


  • 16.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-09-2007 14:55
    Sharon, you make some good points. However, I think that Entrepreneurship
    as a job is not going anywhere. It is growing and promoted by AACSB. Don't
    worry about that. OB, Marketing, Finance and strategy already claim a piece
    of entrepreneurship. That's okay, there is plenty of room. Our "discipline"
    is an interdisciplinary one. It integrates theory. Linking to practice has
    ensured that entrepreneurship will continue to grow as a teaching area and
    ripe area for new research. How many other divisions can claim endowments?
    Successful entrepreneurs tend to support entrepreneurship programs. And if
    you look into the global market for what we do, it is growing dramatically.
    In China we will have plenty of work for the rest of our lives.

    Cheers. Bill

    William Schulte, Ph.D.
    Associate Professor
    Sam Walton Free Enterprise Fellow
    Harry F. Byrd Jr. School of Business
    Shenandoah University
    wschulte@su.edu
    wschulte@msn.com
    mobile 703-283-9705
    Individualized Education, Entrepreneurial Thinking, Global Understanding and
    Ethical Practice.
    Students In Free Enterprise
    www.sife.org  www.su.edu
    The mission of the Harry F. Byrd, Jr. School of Business is to educate its
    students to be successful, principled leaders with a global perspective.

    "Success Stories Start Here"


    -----Original Message-----
    From: Alvarez, Sharon [mailto:alvarez_42@cob.osu.edu]
    Sent: Friday, February 09, 2007 10:45 AM
    To: Dr. Bill Schulte; ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: RE: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    The problem with using theories from other disciplines is that we make
    entrepreneurship a context and not a discipline. The work in
    entrepreneurship will remain fragmented and there will be no progress. I do
    not believe that we are in any way ready for a grand theory - but we
    certainly are ready for our own theories. Most disciplines do not have a
    grand theory - they often have questions that are unique to them and then
    they develop theory to answer those questions. Certainly two areas that are
    beginning to be distinct to the field of entrepreneurship are the question
    of opportunity formation which I believe is the antecedent to organization
    formation the second question of the field. There are probably others that
    I am not as involved in.

    If the field of entrepreneurship follows what Benson and Bill suggest - that
    we link other's theories to practice - we will all be out of jobs within the
    next decade or so - since entrepreneurship will be incorporated into other
    areas of the business school such as marketing and strategy and there will
    be no need for entrepreneurship scholars.

    Sharon Alvarez

    -----Original Message-----
    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU]
    On Behalf Of Dr. Bill Schulte
    Sent: Thursday, February 08, 2007 10:46 PM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Benson makes a great point about a grand theory of entrepreneurship. For now
    it is beyond our understanding. We would have to integrate so many theories
    and would create a "jungle." Do you remember the "theory jungle" from a
    couple of decades ago. I think you need to use theories that pull from your
    own theoretical lens (i.e. cognitive psychology, regional economics). Why
    reinvent the wheel? I think that our work should link theory to practice.

    Also, I think Drucker would like Benson's definition. Drucker argued against
    the idea of thinking that management meant "business management."

    For additional interesting ideas on this direction take a look at Andrew
    Cardow's (Massey University) work on this.

    Bill

    William Schulte, Ph.D.
    Associate Professor
    Sam Walton Free Enterprise Fellow
    Harry F. Byrd Jr. School of Business
    Shenandoah University
    wschulte@su.edu
    wschulte@msn.com
    mobile 703-283-9705
    Individualized Education, Entrepreneurial Thinking, Global Understanding and
    Ethical Practice.
    Students In Free Enterprise
    www.sife.org  www.su.edu
    The mission of the Harry F. Byrd, Jr. School of Business is to educate its
    students to be successful, principled leaders with a global perspective.

    "Success Stories Start Here"


    -----Original Message-----
    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU]
    On Behalf Of Benson Honig
    Sent: Thursday, February 08, 2007 11:12 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    This is why I stick to the definition of entrepreneurship as "the creation
    of new organizations". It allows for both micro and macro level
    perspectives, for profit, non-profit, and social entrepreneurship. As to one
    theory - I don't think we're any more likely to find one single theory for
    entrepreneurship than we would for aesthetics or history.
    As to the point about free markets - institutions help immensely - but
    organizations seem to emerge in the oddest places. During Chairman Mao's
    time, backyard smelters (which were an ecological and economic disaster)
    undoubtedly drew on aspects of entrepreneurship. Business and bartering date
    back to the dawn of civilization - in fact - may define civilization itself.
    Some of the first writing systems were designed to manage global trade
    activities. Somewhere, back a few thousand years ago, an entrepreneur
    figured out that he could reduce "spillage" and increase profits by
    transporting clay jars of olive oil with standardized seals.
    Benson

    Benson Honig Ph.D.
    Betty and Peter Sims Professor of Entrepreneurship,
    Director, NeXt
    Wilfrid Laurier School of Business and Economics
    Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L3C5
    Tel: 519-884-0710 ext.2909
    fax: 519-884-0201
    Cell: 905-518-1716
    email: bhonig@wlu.ca


    >>> "William D. Schulte" <wschulte@MSN.COM> 02/07/07 7:20 PM >>>
    I agree with Andrew. Entrepreneurship, to me, is a way a thinking and
    acting despite the evironment. Let's take a cue from Drucker (rest his soul)

    and what he had to say about management and the knowledge worker. Management

    is not business management. It includes all types of organizations. Simple.
    So why should entrepreneurship be treated with any less respect.

    So, does anyone have any thoughts on coming back to the individual
    entrepreneur? The psychology of entrepreneurship? In the 1980s strategic
    management was consumed by the Harvard Gang of economists. Where is Ansoff
    when you need him? Can we get back to what makes entrepreneurship
    possible? A way of seeing the world and acting.

    I also agree with Norris Kreuger. Neo said that social entrepreneurship
    research may help get us closer to a theory of entrepreneurship. when you
    take the profit motive out of the equation, what do you get? Your thoughts?

    Bayou Bill (Ninth Ward for Life)


    >From: "Cardow, Andrew"


  • 17.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-09-2007 18:29
    Ben makes an interesting observation and suggests an interesting solution. I
    think evolutionary theory contributes to our understanding, but as he points
    out we need a big tent. There is plenty of room. Bill

    William Schulte, Ph.D.
    Associate Professor
    Sam Walton Free Enterprise Fellow
    Harry F. Byrd Jr. School of Business
    Shenandoah University
    wschulte@su.edu
    wschulte@msn.com
    mobile 703-283-9705
    Individualized Education, Entrepreneurial Thinking, Global Understanding and
    Ethical Practice.
    Students In Free Enterprise
    www.sife.org  www.su.edu
    The mission of the Harry F. Byrd, Jr. School of Business is to educate its
    students to be successful, principled leaders with a global perspective.

    "Success Stories Start Here"


    -----Original Message-----
    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU]
    On Behalf Of bpowell@BAMA.UA.EDU
    Sent: Friday, February 09, 2007 2:30 PM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Benson,

    If you define entrepreneurship as the creation of new organizations,
    then aren't you excluding a lot of entrepreneurial activities that do
    not require a new organization? As Hannan and Freeman (1984) observe,
    a new organization is an expensive solution to a problem of collection
    action. I see venture creation as one type of path that opportunity
    exploitation can follow. It should be selected only if the benefits
    outweigh the costs. Defining entrepreneurship as venture creation
    seems problematic to me. Would opportunity recognition not be a part
    of entrepreneurship because it generally occurs before venture
    creation?

    Not to push my own agenda too hard, but I think that evolutionary
    theory could function as a unifying framework for entrepreneurship.
    It is playing a similar role in many other fields. Evolutionary
    theory has the potential to integrate many theories into one framework
    (but maybe a framework of theories is not the same as a single
    theory). I prefer a very big and inclusive tent for entrepreneurship,
    and I think evolutionary theory can achieve that.

    -Ben


    Benjamin C. Powell, Ph.D.
    Assistant Professor of Management
    Department of Management and Marketing
    Culverhouse College of Commerce and Business Administration
    Box 870225, 133 Alston Hall
    Tuscaloosa, AL 35487
    Tel: (205) 348-8925
    Fax: (205) 348-6695
    Email: bpowell@bama.ua.edu


    Quoting Benson Honig <bhonig@WLU.CA>:

    > This is why I stick to the definition of entrepreneurship as "the
    > creation of new organizations". It allows for both micro and macro
    > level perspectives, for profit, non-profit, and social
    > entrepreneurship. As to one theory - I don't think we're any more
    > likely to find one single theory for entrepreneurship than we would
    > for aesthetics or history.
    > As to the point about free markets - institutions help immensely -
    > but organizations seem to emerge in the oddest places. During
    > Chairman Mao's time, backyard smelters (which were an ecological and
    > economic disaster) undoubtedly drew on aspects of entrepreneurship.
    > Business and bartering date back to the dawn of civilization - in
    > fact - may define civilization itself. Some of the first writing
    > systems were designed to manage global trade activities. Somewhere,
    > back a few thousand years ago, an entrepreneur figured out that he
    > could reduce "spillage" and increase profits by transporting clay
    > jars of olive oil with standardized seals.
    > Benson
    >
    > Benson Honig Ph.D.
    > Betty and Peter Sims Professor of Entrepreneurship,
    > Director, NeXt
    > Wilfrid Laurier School of Business and Economics
    > Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L3C5
    > Tel: 519-884-0710 ext.2909
    > fax: 519-884-0201
    > Cell: 905-518-1716
    > email: bhonig@wlu.ca
    >
    >
    > >>> "William D. Schulte" <wschulte@MSN.COM> 02/07/07 7:20 PM >>>
    > I agree with Andrew. Entrepreneurship, to me, is a way a thinking
    > and
    > acting despite the evironment. Let's take a cue from Drucker (rest
    > his soul)
    > and what he had to say about management and the knowledge worker.
    > Management
    > is not business management. It includes all types of organizations.
    > Simple.
    > So why should entrepreneurship be treated with any less respect.
    >
    > So, does anyone have any thoughts on coming back to the individual
    > entrepreneur? The psychology of entrepreneurship? In the 1980s
    > strategic
    > management was consumed by the Harvard Gang of economists. Where is
    > Ansoff
    > when you need him? Can we get back to what makes entrepreneurship
    > possible? A way of seeing the world and acting.
    >
    > I also agree with Norris Kreuger. Neo said that social
    > entrepreneurship
    > research may help get us closer to a theory of entrepreneurship.
    > when you
    > take the profit motive out of the equation, what do you get? Your
    > thoughts?
    >
    > Bayou Bill (Ninth Ward for Life)
    >
    >
    > >From: "Cardow, Andrew"


  • 18.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-11-2007 19:31
    A colleague, Elisabeth Montgomery, and I are just wrapping up a study of entrepreneurs in South China; the psychology differs across cultures and within cultures (compared to "non-entrepreneurs" in a culture). Motivational values of Chinese enterpreneurs are different than US entrepreneurs, and from a random sample of Chinese businesspeople.
    Rgds,
    Romie Littrell

    "William D. Schulte" <wschulte@MSN.COM> wrote:
    I agree with Andrew. Entrepreneurship, to me, is a way a thinking and
    acting despite the evironment. Let's take a cue from Drucker (rest his soul)
    and what he had to say about management and the knowledge worker. Management
    is not business management. It includes all types of organizations. Simple.
    So why should entrepreneurship be treated with any less respect.

    So, does anyone have any thoughts on coming back to the individual
    entrepreneur? The psychology of entrepreneurship? In the 1980s strategic
    management was consumed by the Harvard Gang of economists. Where is Ansoff
    when you need him? Can we get back to what makes entrepreneurship
    possible? A way of seeing the world and acting.

    I also agree with Norris Kreuger. Neo said that social entrepreneurship
    research may help get us closer to a theory of entrepreneurship. when you
    take the profit motive out of the equation, what do you get? Your thoughts?

    Bayou Bill (Ninth Ward for Life)


    >From: "Cardow, Andrew"



    "International business is the general case; local business is the special case." - Peter J. Buckley
    Romie F. Littrell, BA, MBA,PhD, FIAIR, An fánaí fiáin
    AUT Business School N.Z., romie.littrell@aut.ac.nz
    http://www.romielittrellpubs.homestead.com/
    http://www.crossculturalcentre.homestead.com/
    Facilitator, Leadership & Management in Sub-Sahara Africa Conferences

    New Yahoo! Mail is the ultimate force in competitive emailing. Find out more at the Yahoo! Mail Championships. Plus: play games and win prizes. ************************************** This message is from ENTREP which is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Division of the Academy of Management. Please do not post messages with attached files. Commercial messages or spammed messages are not allowed on the list. The use of auto-responder "out-of-office" messages may also lead to your removal from the list. You can manage your subscription options, including joining or leaving the list here: http://aomlists.pace.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=entrep&A=1 If you have questions or need help, please contact Dr. John Bunch jbunch@benedictine.edu. Ventures HO!


  • 19.  what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Posted 02-11-2007 19:43
    Qian, there is quite a significant literature on entrepreneurship in China prior to 1979. If you're really interested, reply and I'll extract some from our literature review of entrepreneurship in South China.
    Rgds,
    Romie

    Qian Ye <vivienyede@YAHOO.DE> wrote:
    actually China operated an entrepreneurial fashion since she had started reforms in 1979. But at that time it was far from the free market. Then she experienced two types prices simultaneously- government price and market price untill 1988-1990. Since 1992, she went to the current reform. However, before the reform, I think there was no room for entrepreneurs survive.
     
    This is good discussion which lets me think about whether or not free market is a necessary condition or it has close relationship with entrepreneurship.
     
    Regards,
    Qian


    "Cardow, Andrew" <A.Cardow@MASSEY.AC.NZ> wrote:
    Hiya all,
     
    This exchange serves to demonstrate that perhaps we are finding our feet in terms of  real academic discussions, rather than practical applications of an activity.
     
    There is soo much in the post below.  The first being that a free market is a necessary condition. Really?  the PLA (China)  were operating in an entrepreneurial fashion long before the current reforms. Also if one addresses entrepreneurship as a way of thinking it can then be discussed as an academic  theory rather than professional activity .
     
    Entrepreneurship can be seen as an activity,  or a construct, or a way of thinking  or a personal endeavour or even business start up, entrepreneurial studies should not be limited to just a way of doing.
     
    This discussion is great.
     
    Enjoy the week people.
     
    Kind Regards.
    -----Original Message-----
    From: Entrepreneurship Division Listserv [mailto:ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU] On Behalf Of Maria-Teresa Lepeley
    Sent: Tuesday, 6 February 2007 11:24 a.m.
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?

    Paola:
     
    You have posted a very relevant question! Look, there is nothing new about entrepreneurship because “people willing to undertake risk on personal resources to obtain an income in return, and be independent, is indeed one of the oldest “professions” to earn a living”. Schumpeter is right by claiming that economic progress (and I would add social development), largely depend on entrepreneurial development. Nevertheless we need to be aware that a free market economy is a necessary condition for entrepreneurial growth and development, as much as to acknowledge the fact that small business enterprises are the real engine of growth in market economies.  
     
    So far the discipline of entrepreneurship is more a profession than an academic subject. It is indeed a more recent field of study in academia, but entrepreneurial education has been offered extensively by professional institutions around the world and now it is rapidly blooming in the best business schools worldwide. In the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>, for instance, the number of business schools offering entrepreneurial studies has grown exponentially in the last 5 years.   
     
    I agree with Luiz Okima about the importance of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor www.gemconsortuin.org You will find a wealth of information there. I suggest you to review GEM’s Report on Women in Entrepreneurship. It includes unique and valuable comparisons among nations. I have created entrepreneurial education programs for women in the <st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region>, Latin America, and the <st1:place w:st="on">Middle East</st1:place>, and I consider this field critical to foster economic growth in the 21st Century.  
     
    Best luck in your studies on social entrepreneurship … You will truly find out what social entrepreneurship is “when and if you practice it yourself”! Social entrepreneurship is becoming a very important endeavor around the world.
    Maria-Teresa Lepeley  
    President & CEO

    Global Institute for Quality Education - GIQE - <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">United States</st1:country-region></st1:place>
    Instituto Global de Calidad en Educacion - IGCE - Latin America
    Tel: 1-860-888-3807
    www.globalqualityeducation.org
    From: Luiz Ojima Sakuda [mailto:luiz@SAKUDA.COM]
    Sent: Monday, February 05, 2007 9:47 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: Re: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?
     
    Paola, it’s not a silly question. I think that all of us asked ourselves at least once the same question.
     
    I think a way to begin is to exchange opinions about Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (http://www.gemconsortium.org/), and other research projects that are international and annual like it.
     
    Best,
     
    Luiz Ojima Sakuda
    UniFEI - <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Brazil</st1:place></st1:country-region>
     
    From: Paola Grenier [mailto:p.m.grenier@LSE.AC.UK]
    Sent: Saturday, February 03, 2007 5:07 AM
    To: ENTREP@AOMLISTS.PACE.EDU
    Subject: [ENTREP] what's the point of entrepreneurship?
     
    I am studying social entrepreneurship, and though I have read a lot on entrepreneurship I am not as imbued with the literature as many people.
     
    I know that Schumpeter claimed that economic progress is dependent on entrepreneurship. I also know that economics as a discipline has had little to do with the entrepreneurship. A few years ago I read Wilken's work - Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study - where he concludes that entrepreneurship is not a causal factor in industrial revolutions but rather a 'mediating variable'. I was wondering what other research there is which questions empirically what the impact of entrepreneurship is at the level of the economy. I am interested in what proof there is that entrepreneurship does lead to economic progress and prosperity - and if it does, then what sort of entrepreneurship.
     
    thanks for 'listening', and apologies if this is a silly question.
     
    Paola
     
     
     
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    "International business is the general case; local business is the special case." - Peter J. Buckley
    Romie F. Littrell, BA, MBA,PhD, FIAIR, An fánaí fiáin
    AUT Business School N.Z., romie.littrell@aut.ac.nz
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